Python string format / print

a) using  str.format():

>>> print('We are the {} who say "{}!"'.format('knights', 'Ni'))
We are the knights who say "Ni!"

The brackets and characters within them (called format fields) are replaced with the objects passed into the str.format() method. A number in the brackets refers to the position of the object passed into the str.format() method.

>>> print('{1} and {0}'.format('spam', 'eggs'))
eggs and spam

>>> print('This {food} is {adjective}.'.format(food='jam', adjective='absolutely horrible'))
This spam is absolutely horrible.
Positional and keyword arguments can be arbitrarily combined:

>>> print('The story of {0}, {1}, and {other}.'.format('Bill', 'Manfred', other='Georg'))
The story of Bill, Manfred, and Georg.

b) using f-strings    (need Python 3.6)

toto = 10
titi = 15

print(f' toto = {toto}', f' titi = {titi}')

print() can take 255 parameters. When using '+' is a way to have a single parameter is used.

c) using % format (old school, strong limitations)

_________________ from copilot about f-string versus format print

Both f-strings and the `format()` method in Python are used for string formatting, but they have some differences.

f-strings (formatted string literals) were introduced in Python 3.6. They are prefixed with 'f' and are a new and improved way to format strings in Python. They are concise, easy to read, and less prone to error than other formatting methods. 

The `format()` method is available in both Python 2 and 3. It's more verbose than f-strings, but it's more flexible and can do a few things that f-strings can't, like dynamic formatting. Here's an example:

>>> percentage = 0.23456789
>>> '{:2.2%}'.format(percentage)
'23.46%'

In general, if you're using Python 3.6 or later, f-strings are the recommended way to format strings due to their simplicity and efficiency. However, if you need to support older versions of Python or require more complex formatting, you might want to use the `format()` method.

print" is a function in Python3 (was a statement in Python2)

https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/inputoutput.html

def print(self, *args, sep=' ', end='\n', file=None)

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Jupyter notebook

•  start
• "jupyter notebook"
• from        ~/tools/jupyter.  (to be able to retrieve jupyter projects)
•